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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

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Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
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Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

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Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...
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Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management

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IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular...
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Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

32
IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
32
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

27
Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
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Mitral Valve Prolapse III: Nursing Management01:19

Mitral Valve Prolapse III: Nursing Management

28
The nursing management of Mitral Valve Prolapse, or MVP, centers around patient education, symptom monitoring, and lifestyle modifications.Patient Education on MVP Diagnosis and Heredity: Nurses should provide comprehensive education about MVP, a condition where the mitral valve does not close appropriately during heartbeats. This education often includes the condition's pathophysiology, symptoms, and potential complications, like arrhythmias or mitral regurgitation. Though not fully...
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Latest Advances in Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement.

Tomoya T Hinohara1, Michael J Reardon2, Sachin S Goel1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.

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|October 24, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) offers a new treatment for mitral regurgitation (MR) in high-risk patients. Current TMVR systems show promise, addressing challenges in device design and clinical evaluation for this complex heart condition.

Keywords:
Mitral regurgitationmitral valve replacementmitral valve surgerytranscatheter mitral valve replacementtranscatheter valve therapies

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Interventional Cardiology

Background:

  • Mitral regurgitation (MR) is the most common valvular heart disease worldwide.
  • Surgical mitral valve repair or replacement is the standard treatment but carries high risks for some patients.
  • Transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) is an emerging alternative for high-risk individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the design challenges associated with transcatheter mitral valve replacement systems.
  • To review current transcatheter mitral valve replacement systems undergoing clinical evaluation.
  • To highlight TMVR as a potential therapeutic option for patients with severe mitral regurgitation at prohibitive surgical risk.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on transcatheter mitral valve replacement technologies.
  • Analysis of design considerations specific to TMVR devices.
  • Summary of early clinical data and ongoing investigations of TMVR systems.

Main Results:

  • Transcatheter mitral valve replacement systems are under active development.
  • Early feasibility and efficacy data for TMVR are emerging.
  • Significant engineering and clinical challenges exist in TMVR system design and implementation.

Conclusions:

  • Transcatheter mitral valve replacement represents a promising frontier for managing severe mitral regurgitation in high-risk surgical patients.
  • Ongoing research and development are crucial for optimizing TMVR device design and patient selection.
  • TMVR has the potential to expand treatment options for a vulnerable patient population with valvular heart disease.