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Arbovirus Infections As Screening Tools for the Identification of Viral Immunomodulators and Host Antiviral Factors
06:02

Arbovirus Infections As Screening Tools for the Identification of Viral Immunomodulators and Host Antiviral Factors

Published on: September 13, 2018

6.9K

Interactions between seasonal temperature variation and temporal synchrony drive increased arbovirus co-infection

Marya L Poterek1, Chantal B F Vogels2, Nathan D Grubaugh2

  • 1Eck Department of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.

Royal Society Open Science
|October 24, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Arthropod-borne virus co-infections, like dengue and Zika, are more common when viruses circulate together in time and warm tropical climates. Mosquito co-transmission significantly increases co-infection rates.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Mathematical Modeling
  • Virology

Background:

  • Arthropod-borne (arbo)virus co-infections are clinically observed but poorly understood.
  • Dengue, Zika, and chikungunya viruses now co-circulate in the Americas, necessitating research into co-infection drivers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the environmental and biological factors influencing arbovirus co-infection incidence.
  • To model the co-circulation of two arboviruses, including dengue, Zika, and chikungunya, and their co-infection potential in humans and mosquitoes.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a mathematical model simulating the co-circulation of two arboviruses.
  • Incorporated transmission parameters for dengue, Zika, and/or chikungunya viruses.
  • Performed sensitivity analysis to assess the impact of seasonality and biological factors on co-infection.

Main Results:

  • Temporal synchrony of co-circulating viruses and average temperature were key drivers of co-infection incidence.
  • Mosquito co-transmission demonstrated a synergistic effect, more than doubling expected co-infections.
  • Significant co-infection numbers are predicted mainly in tropical climates with concurrent viral presence.

Conclusions:

  • Arbovirus co-infection dynamics are significantly influenced by viral temporal synchrony and temperature.
  • Co-transmission by mosquitoes plays a critical role in amplifying co-infection events.
  • Effective public health strategies require understanding the interplay of seasonality, climate, and viral co-circulation.
Keywords:
Zika virusarboviruschikungunya virusco-infectiondengue virusmathematical modelling

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