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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
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Glutamate is a fundamental neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, playing a vital role in neuronal communication and various cognitive processes. Glutamate stands as the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Its presence is crucial for the communication between neurons, underpinning essential processes such as synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability, and plasticity. These functions are vital for higher-order cognitive processes, including learning and memory. The...
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Antiepileptic Drugs: GABAergic Pathway Potentiators01:18

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γ-aminobutyric acid or GABA, plays a pivotal role as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. GABA pathway potentiators, also known as GABAergic drugs, are a class of pharmaceutical agents designed to enhance the functioning of the GABAergic system. These medications primarily treat epilepsy, a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures.
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RNA Pull-down Procedure to Identify RNA Targets of a Long Non-coding RNA
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Long non-coding RNAs: Potential therapeutic targets for epilepsy.

Sen Liu1,2,3, Min Fan1,2,3, Meng-Die Ma1,2,3

  • 1School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.

Frontiers in Neuroscience
|October 24, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) show altered expression in epilepsy, suggesting their role in the condition. Understanding LncRNAs could lead to new epilepsy treatments targeting neuroinflammation and neurotransmitter balance.

Keywords:
GABAapoptosisdrug discoveryepilepsylncRNAsneuroinflammation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological disorder affecting 70 million globally, marked by abnormal neuronal firing.
  • Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are key regulators in various pathophysiological processes.
  • Altered LncRNA profiles are observed in epilepsy, hinting at their involvement in disease development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the structure and function of LncRNAs.
  • To summarize the role of LncRNAs in epilepsy pathogenesis.
  • To explore LncRNA links to neuroinflammation, apoptosis, and neurotransmitter balance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of LncRNA research in epilepsy.
  • Analysis of LncRNA involvement in molecular mechanisms of epileptogenesis.
  • Examination of LncRNA interactions with key pathological pathways.

Main Results:

  • LncRNAs play a significant role in the molecular mechanisms underlying epilepsy.
  • LncRNA dysregulation is linked to neuroinflammation, apoptosis, and neurotransmitter imbalance in epilepsy.
  • This review consolidates current understanding of LncRNAs in epilepsy.

Conclusions:

  • LncRNAs are implicated in the pathogenesis of epilepsy.
  • Targeting LncRNAs offers a potential therapeutic strategy for epilepsy treatment.
  • Further research into LncRNAs may accelerate clinical applications for epilepsy management.