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Chicken genome editing for investigating poultry pathogens
Euan Mitchell1, Guillermo Tellez1, Mike J McGrew1
1The Roslin Institute & Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Avian Pathology : Journal of the W.V.P.A
|October 24, 2022
Summary
Advances in poultry science boosted production, but future challenges like climate change and antimicrobial restrictions loom. New cell culture and genetic tools are key to developing interventions and conserving chicken resources.
Area of Science:
- Poultry Science
- Avian Immunology
- Genetics
Background:
- Global poultry production has expanded significantly due to advances in pathogen identification, treatment, and vaccines.
- Future growth faces threats from climate change, resource scarcity, emerging avian pathogens, and antimicrobial use restrictions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the challenges and opportunities in maintaining and advancing poultry health and productivity.
- To highlight the role of emerging technologies in addressing future threats to the poultry industry.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent advances in avian immunology, pathogen identification, and vaccine development.
- Discussion of novel in vitro cell culture systems and genetic tools for gene function investigation.
- Exploration of cryopreservation and genome-editing technologies for chicken line development.
Main Results:
- Scientific progress has enabled substantial increases in poultry production over the past 50 years.
- Emerging challenges necessitate innovative approaches for sustainable poultry farming.
- New technologies offer promising avenues for developing interventions and improving chicken breeds.
Conclusions:
- Continued innovation in cell culture, genetic tools, and breeding is crucial for overcoming future challenges in poultry production.
- These advancements will support the development of novel disease interventions and the conservation of valuable chicken genetic resources.
