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Age-Related Changes in Skeletal Muscle Oxygen Utilization.
Sabrina S Salvatore1, Kyle N Zelenski1, Ryan K Perkins1
1Department of Kinesiology, California State University Chico, 400 W 1st St, Chico, CA 95929, USA.
Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology
|October 24, 2022
Summary
Aging significantly reduces muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2) at rest and during exercise. This decline impacts oxygen delivery and utilization, with prolonged recovery times observed in older adults.
Area of Science:
- Physiology
- Gerontology
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Cardiovascular and skeletal muscle systems are vital for oxygen delivery to tissues.
- Aging impairs oxygen delivery and utilization, a key factor in reduced muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2).
- Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is used to assess SmO2, revealing significant age-related reductions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current literature on age-related effects on SmO2.
- To explore the mechanisms underlying reduced SmO2 in aging.
- To connect SmO2 changes with underlying physiological alterations due to aging.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating SmO2 and aging.
- Analysis of data from near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) assessments.
- Examination of regulatory factors influencing oxygen delivery and utilization.
Main Results:
- SmO2 is reduced at rest (~38%), submaximal exercise (~24%), and maximal exercise (~59%) with aging (>65 y).
- Aging increases SmO2 restoration time by over 50% after intense exercise.
- Key regulatory factors like blood flow, capillarization, endothelial function, nitric oxide, and mitochondrial function are compromised by aging.
Conclusions:
- Aging profoundly impacts SmO2, affecting oxygen delivery and utilization in muscle tissue.
- Dysregulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributes to age-related decline in SmO2 regulatory mechanisms.
- Understanding these age-related changes in SmO2 and underlying mechanisms is crucial for maintaining tissue function in older adults.
Keywords:
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