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Lower serum magnesium is a predictor of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients on dialysis

Olga Balafa1, Evangelia Dounousi2, Ioannis Giannikouris3

  • 1Nephrology Department, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece. olgabalafa@gmail.com.

International Urology and Nephrology
|October 24, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Low serum magnesium is linked to left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in dialysis patients. This study found low magnesium levels to be an independent predictor of LVH, highlighting its importance in cardiovascular health for this population.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Clinical Biochemistry

Background:

  • Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular mortality in patients undergoing dialysis.
  • Low serum magnesium (Mg) levels are associated with increased mortality in both the general and dialysis populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between serum magnesium levels and LVH in patients on hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD).
  • To evaluate the relationship of serum magnesium with different cardiac geometry patterns in dialysis patients.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study including 133 HD and PD patients from nine nephrology centers.
  • Echocardiographic assessment defined LVH using LV mass index; four LV geometric patterns were analyzed.
  • Demographic, laboratory data, including serum magnesium, were collected and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • 80 patients (60%) presented with LVH. Patients with LVH were older, had higher BMI, more comorbidities, higher pulse pressure, and lower serum albumin and magnesium levels.
  • Serum magnesium correlated positively with creatinine and HDL, and negatively with CRP and BMI.
  • Multivariate analysis identified serum magnesium as an independent predictor of LVH, particularly associated with concentric LVH.

Conclusions:

  • Low serum magnesium levels are independently associated with left ventricular hypertrophy in patients undergoing both hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.
  • These findings underscore the potential role of magnesium management in mitigating cardiovascular risk in dialysis patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
HemodialysisInflammationLeft ventricular hypertrophyMalnutritionMortalityPeritoneal dialysis

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