Recent advances in psychoradiology

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Psychiatry
• Radiology
• Medical Imaging

Background:

• Psychiatry currently lacks objective diagnostic markers, relying on subjective symptoms and behavioral observation.
• Studying the brain in vivo presents significant challenges, hindering objective assessment.
• Psychoradiology merges psychiatry and radiology, applying advanced brain imaging to psychiatric disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advances in psychoradiology, focusing on novel imaging techniques and their clinical applications.
• To explore the potential of psychoradiology in improving psychiatric diagnosis, treatment planning, and prognosis.
• To summarize the integration of imaging genetics, network analysis, and machine learning in psychiatric research.

Main Methods:

• Selective review of 165 references, including 75 research articles, up to May 1, 2022.
• Analysis of studies employing dynamic imaging processing for brain network modeling.
• Survey of imaging genetics, machine learning applications, and precision medicine approaches in psychoradiology.

Main Results:

• Novel dynamic imaging methods enable brain network modeling.
• Imaging genetics reveals links between neuroimaging endophenotypes and genetic markers in psychiatric disorders.
• Advances support a shift towards dimensional and individualized psychiatric analysis.

Conclusions:

• Psychoradiology offers promising tools for objective assessment in psychiatry.
• Future psychiatric diagnostics may involve dimensional analysis and individualized approaches.
• Machine learning and brain stimulation informed by psychoradiology hold potential for precision psychiatric medicine.