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Decoupling carry-over effects from environment in fish nursery grounds.

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Carry-over effects from larval stages have minor impacts on European seabass post-settlement traits. Nursery environments, not larval history, significantly shape juvenile fish growth and condition.

Keywords:
Early life-history traitsFish nurseryFood limitationHuman impactOntogenetic trajectoryOtolith analysisTrait covariance

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Ecology
  • Fisheries Science

Background:

  • Life-history traits are shaped by current and past environments.
  • Carry-over effects link early life stages to later performance, particularly in fish.
  • Previous studies assessed stressors independently, leaving carry-over effects unquantified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate carry-over and environmental effects on European seabass life-history traits.
  • To quantify the relative contributions of larval traits versus nursery conditions.
  • To understand resource allocation trade-offs in estuarine nurseries.

Main Methods:

  • Used otolith microstructure analysis for a reconstructive approach.
  • Collected European seabass juveniles from French estuarine nurseries.
  • Measured five life-history traits and analyzed environmental conditions (temperature, salinity, food, human impact).
  • Employed piecewise structural equation modeling.

Main Results:

  • Larval traits (growth, duration, size at settlement) co-varied with pelagic conditions (food, temperature).
  • Carry-over effects of larval traits on post-settlement traits were minor compared to nursery environment impacts.
  • Juveniles in nurseries allocated resources to growth or storage based on environmental favorability and stress.

Conclusions:

  • Nursery environments are critical drivers of post-settlement traits in European seabass.
  • Resource allocation in nurseries involves a trade-off between growth and energy storage.
  • Environmental heterogeneity in pelagic and nursery stages is key to understanding fish population dynamics.