Optimization of biofilm conductance measurement with two-electrode microbial electrochemical cells (MECs)

This study was conducted to develop a standardized and consistent method for biofilm conductance measurement for an improved comprehension of extracellular electron transfer. Biofilm conductance (2.12 ± 0.25 × 10^-4 S) with and without a fixed anode potential did not show significant difference. The conductance showed a sigmoidal relationship with anode potential. The current-voltage profile of the tested biofilm at applied voltage larger than 100 mV showed deviation from Ohm's law. Up to 69% decrease in biofilm conductance and deviation from Ohm's law were observed in the current-voltage profile when the measurement time increased. By choosing the voltage range (0- 100 mV) and step (25 mV), measurement time (100-s at each voltage step), and anode control mode, these operation settings were found more suitable for consistent and accurate biofilm conductance measurement in the 2-Au MEC system. This represents the first study that comprehensively evaluated the environmental and instrumental parameters for biofilm conductance measurement.