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A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks
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First hepatitis E outbreak in Southeastern Senegal.

Bacary Djilocalisse Sadio1,2,3, Martin Faye4, Marco Kaiser5

  • 1Virology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, 36, Avenue Pasteur, 220, Dakar, Senegal.

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|October 25, 2022
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A Hepatitis E virus (HEV) outbreak in Kedougou, linked to gold mining migration, affected 64.62% of tested individuals. Pregnant women faced a high fatality rate, highlighting the need for improved surveillance and diagnosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Virology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Rapid expansion of gold mining in Kedougou led to migration and poor sanitation.
  • A Hepatitis E virus (HEV) outbreak was reported in 2014, with cases among mining workers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe epidemiological and laboratory data during the HEV outbreak investigation (Feb 2012-Nov 2014).
  • To identify risk factors associated with HEV emergence in the Kedougou region.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated suspected, contact, and probable cases, collecting clinical and epidemiological data.
  • Sera tested for viral RNA and anti-HEV IgM using RT-PCR and ELISA.
  • Water and rat tissue samples screened for HEV.

Main Results:

  • 1617 sera collected; 64.62% (1045/1617) tested positive for HEV.
  • Outbreak began in March 2012; high case fatality rate observed in pregnant women.
  • All water and animal tissue samples tested negative for HEV.

Conclusions:

  • Identified risk factors for HEV emergence but not the specific reservoir or environmental factors.
  • Emphasized the need for routine diagnosis, surveillance, and health personnel training to reduce mortality, especially in pregnant women.