Prediction Models based on miRNA-disease Relationship: Diagnostic Relevance to Multiple Diseases Including COVID-19

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
• Genetics and Genomics
• Bioinformatics

Background:

• MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules (20-25 nucleotides) that regulate post-transcriptional gene expression.
• Differential miRNA expression is critical for biological processes like immune function, homeostasis, and infection control.
• Dysregulated miRNAs are implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including viral, bacterial, and chronic conditions like cancer.

Approach:

• A comprehensive literature search was conducted focusing on microRNA-disease prediction.
• A deductive qualitative content analysis was applied to review research outcomes and prediction tools.
• Interventions and methodologies for identifying miRNA-disease relationships were analyzed.

Key Points:

• miRNA prediction methods are vital for understanding disease mechanisms and developing diagnostics and therapeutics.
• This review presents efficient methods for identifying miRNA-mRNA-disease regulatory networks.
• miRNAs show significant potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for numerous diseases, including COVID-19.

Conclusions:

• miRNA's role in the etiology and pathogenesis of diverse diseases is increasingly recognized.
• Modern bioinformatics tools facilitate the study of miRNA-disease associations.
• miRNA-disease prediction methods highlight the potential of miRNAs as robust biomarkers in clinical studies.