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Updated: Aug 24, 2025

Scalable Syntheses of Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide using Cascade Design Oxidation and Highly Basic Reduction Reactions
Published on: July 3, 2025
Functional groups in graphene oxide
Yee Yee Khine1, Xinyue Wen1, Xiaoheng Jin1
1School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. r.joshi@unsw.edu.au.
This study summarizes advanced methods for chemically functionalizing graphene oxide (GO) to create stable particles. It highlights recent developments in covalently modified GO derivatives for diverse applications.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Chemistry
Background:
- Graphene oxide (GO) possesses unique physico-chemical properties due to reactive moieties like hydroxyl, carboxyl, and epoxide groups.
- These properties enable tailoring GO for specific applications through functionalization.
- Existing literature lacks a comprehensive summary of chemical functionalization methods for stable GO particle formation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize advanced methodologies for designing functionalized graphene oxide.
- To provide insight into the preparation of covalently modified GO derivatives.
- To facilitate broader utilization of functionalized GO in various applications.
Main Methods:
- Review and summarization of recent literature on GO functionalization.
- Focus on chemical modification strategies, particularly covalent functionalization.
- Inclusion of essential characterization techniques for functionalized GO.
Main Results:
- Detailed overview of various chemical functionalization techniques for GO.
- Emphasis on methods leading to stable, functionalized GO particles.
- Discussion of how functionalization tunes GO's intrinsic properties.
Conclusions:
- Covalent modification offers a robust route to stable, functionalized GO derivatives.
- Understanding these methods is crucial for advancing GO applications.
- This review provides a foundation for future research and development in GO functionalization.
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