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Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma
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[Data from the Russian Severe Asthma Registry (RSAR)].

A S Belevskiy1, N M Nenasheva2, N Y Kravchenko3,4

  • 1Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University.

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This study of severe asthma (SA) in Russia found most patients have uncontrolled disease with frequent exacerbations, often linked to T2 inflammation. Biological therapy showed a more favorable disease course, highlighting the need for wider access.

Keywords:
biologicregistrysevere asthma

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Immunology
  • Epidemiology

Context:

  • Severe asthma (SA) represents a significant global health burden.
  • Understanding the characteristics of SA patients in diverse populations is crucial for effective management.
  • The Russian Severe Asthma Register provides a unique dataset for epidemiological analysis.

Purpose:

  • To establish the "Russian Register of Patients with Severe Asthma" to characterize the SA population.
  • To determine the prevalence of SA phenotypes, treatment outcomes, and disease control.
  • To analyze data on severe asthma patients across 57 regions of Russia.

Summary:

  • The study analyzed 4376 adult SA patients (mean age 60.6 ± 13.5 years, 65% female) from June 2018 to December 2021.
  • 94.8% exhibited T2 inflammation (elevated blood eosinophils/IgE), with 69% having an allergic phenotype.
  • 83.3% had uncontrolled asthma, 53% experienced ≥1 exacerbation annually, and only 10.6% received biologics.

Impact:

  • The findings reveal a high prevalence of uncontrolled T2-high severe asthma in Russia.
  • Patients on biological therapy demonstrated a more favorable disease trajectory.
  • Increased access to biological therapies is recommended to improve outcomes for severe asthma patients.