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Related Concept Videos

Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

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RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
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During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
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Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
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Complete Coding Sequences of Rhinovirus Types A46, A39, C56, and C48.

Courtney L Collins1, Temitope O C Faleye2, Simona Kraberger1

  • 1Biodesign Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, School of Life Sciences, Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.

Microbiology Resource Announcements
|October 26, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers sequenced novel rhinovirus types C48, A46, A39, and C56 from patients with flu-like symptoms. One individual had a mixed infection of human rhinovirus (HRV) types A46 and C48.

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Area of Science:

  • * Virology
  • * Molecular Biology
  • * Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • * Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) are a major cause of respiratory illness.
  • * Novel HRV types continue to emerge, necessitating ongoing surveillance and characterization.
  • * Understanding HRV diversity is crucial for developing effective diagnostics and therapeutics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To report the coding-complete genome sequences of newly identified rhinovirus types.
  • * To characterize HRV strains detected in individuals presenting with influenza-like illness (ILI).
  • * To identify potential co-infections with different HRV types.

Main Methods:

  • * Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from three individuals with ILI in the United States.
  • * Whole-genome sequencing was performed to obtain coding-complete viral sequences.
  • * Bioinformatic analysis was used for sequence determination and typing.

Main Results:

  • * The coding-complete sequences for rhinovirus types C48, A46, A39, and C56 were determined.
  • * Rhinovirus type C48 and A46 were identified in one of the samples.
  • * This indicates a co-infection with two distinct HRV types in a single patient.

Conclusions:

  • * This study provides valuable genomic data for novel HRV types.
  • * The findings highlight the importance of molecular methods in detecting HRV co-infections.
  • * Continued genomic surveillance is essential for tracking HRV evolution and epidemiology.