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Related Concept Videos

Lower GI Series: Barium Enema01:23

Lower GI Series: Barium Enema

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A Barium Enema, or a lower GI series, is a specialized radiographic examination designed to visualize the lower gastrointestinal tract, specifically the colon and rectum. This procedure is instrumental in diagnosing various conditions such as colorectal cancer, polyps, diverticulosis, and inflammatory bowel disease.
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Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy01:26

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Upper GI Series: Barium Swallow01:24

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The Barium Swallow Study, or a Barium Esophagogram, is a diagnostic imaging method used to visualize the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract, including the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine. It employs barium sulfate, a radiopaque contrast material, to provide clear images of the upper digestive system, helping to identify abnormalities, diseases, or structural issues.
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Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy01:25

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The colon, or large intestine, is the final segment of the digestive system. Its primary functions include absorbing water and vitamins produced by gut bacteria and transforming waste from liquid to solid to form stool. In adults, the large intestine is approximately 5 feet long and consists of four main sections:
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Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI01:14

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Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:27

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Introduction:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or MRI, can include a specialized imaging technique of the urinary system known as Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU). This radiation-free technique uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images with the help of a computer. MRU is particularly effective for visualizing fluid-filled structures like the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.Applications of MRI in the Genitourinary SystemKidneys and Ureters: MRI detects tumors, cysts,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 24, 2025

Functional Assessment of Intestinal Motility and Gut Wall Inflammation in Rodents: Analyses in a Standardized Model of Intestinal Manipulation
09:44

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Oral mannitol for bowel preparation: a dose-finding phase II study.

Cristiano Spada1, Giancarla Fiori2, Peter Uebel3

  • 1U.O. Endoscopia Digestiva, Fondazione Poliambulanza - Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy.

European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
|October 26, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Mannitol at 100g provides effective and safe bowel preparation for colonoscopy, showing optimal efficacy and patient acceptance. This dose was identified as the best for future studies.

Keywords:
Bowel preparationColonoscopyDose-findingMannitolPhase II randomized trial

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Clinical Pharmacology

Background:

  • Effective bowel preparation (BP) is crucial for colonoscopy quality.
  • No current laxative offers optimal effectiveness, safety, and patient acceptance.
  • Mannitol, a sugar alcohol, is a potential candidate for improved BP.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the optimal dose of mannitol for colonoscopy.
  • This phase II study compared 50g, 100g, and 150g of mannitol.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated Boston Bowel Preparation Scale, caecal intubation, adherence, and safety.
  • Measured colonic gas concentrations (CH4, H2, O2).
  • Utilized a weighted algorithm to select the best mannitol dose.

Main Results:

  • The 100g mannitol dose demonstrated optimal colon cleansing efficacy (94.4% adequate BP).
  • This dose also showed superior adherence, acceptability, and safety.
  • Gas concentrations were negligible and not dose-dependent across all groups.

Conclusions:

  • Mannitol's colon cleansing efficacy and safety are dose-dependent.
  • The 100g dose of mannitol is recommended for phase III studies.
  • Mannitol offers a safe and effective option for bowel preparation.