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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Intracellular RNA localization is crucial for cell polarization and gene expression.
  • Existing studies on RNA localization mechanisms in Drosophila are limited in scope and tissue-specific analysis.
  • A comprehensive understanding of RNA localization within a single tissue type is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and mechanistically analyze RNAs localized to apical and basal domains in the columnar follicular epithelium (FE).
  • To elucidate the motor protein-dependent mechanisms governing RNA transport in FE cells.

Main Methods:

  • Subcellular spatial transcriptomics was employed to map RNA distribution.
  • Mechanistic investigations focused on the roles of dynein, kinesin-1, BicD, and Egl in RNA transport.
  • Analysis included a non-canonical, translation- and dynein-dependent pathway.

Main Results:

  • Identified distinct sets of RNAs localized to apical and basal domains of FE cells.
  • Dynein/BicD/Egl machinery mediates apical RNA localization.
  • Kinesin-1 is required for basally-targeted RNAs to counteract default dynein-mediated transport.
  • A novel mechanism involving translation and dynein drives apical localization of specific adaptor-encoding RNAs.

Conclusions:

  • At least three distinct mechanisms control RNA localization in the FE.
  • RNA localization is linked to the formation of dynein/dynactin/adaptor complexes in vivo.
  • This work provides a comprehensive mechanistic view of RNA localization within a single tissue.