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Urolithiasis in adolescents.

A C Rambar, R G MacKenzie

    American Journal of Diseases of Children (1960)
    |November 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Adolescent urolithiasis (urinary tract stones) is often secondary to bladder dysfunction or metabolic disorders. Corticosteroid therapy may also contribute to stone formation in some young patients.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Nephrology
    • Urology
    • Adolescent Medicine

    Background:

    • Urolithiasis in adolescents is less common than in adults.
    • Identifying the etiology of urinary tract stones in this age group is crucial for management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize the clinical features and etiological factors of urolithiasis in adolescent patients.
    • To investigate the role of underlying conditions and therapies in adolescent stone formation.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective chart review of 31 adolescent patients (aged 11-20 years) with urolithiasis over a ten-year period.
    • Analysis of patient characteristics, stone etiology, and associated medical conditions.

    Main Results:

    • The majority of urinary tract stones were secondary to pre-existing conditions, most commonly bladder dysfunction (neurogenic or exstrophy).

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  • Exogenous corticosteroid therapy was implicated in lithogenesis in five patients.
  • Childhood inborn errors of metabolism accounted for stones in four patients.
  • Four adolescents had no identifiable biochemical, genetic, or anatomical abnormalities, indicating an unknown etiology.

    • Conclusions:

    • Adolescent urolithiasis frequently stems from underlying medical conditions, particularly bladder dysfunction.
    • Corticosteroid use and metabolic disorders are significant contributing factors in adolescent stone disease.
    • A subset of adolescent urolithiasis cases remains idiopathic, necessitating further research.