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Microalgal photoautotrophic growth induces pH decrease in the aquatic environment by acidic metabolites secretion.

Mingcan Wu1,2, Guimei Wu2, Feimiao Lu2

  • 1Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.

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|October 27, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The microalga Euglena gracilis (EG) uniquely decreases aquatic pH by secreting acidic dissolved organic matter (DOM), unlike other microalgae. This finding offers new insights into microalgal ecological niches and pH dynamics.

Keywords:
Acidic metabolitesAquatic environmental pHEuglena gracilisHumic acidsMicroalgae

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Microbiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Microalgae absorb CO2 during photosynthesis, typically increasing aquatic pH.
  • However, Euglena gracilis (EG) cultivation under photoautotrophic conditions uniquely reduces pH.
  • The mechanism for this pH decrease in EG remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanism behind the pH decrease in Euglena gracilis (EG) cultures.
  • To compare EG's dissolved organic matter (DOM) secretion with Chlorella vulgaris (CV).
  • To elucidate the role of metabolites in EG's unique pH regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative growth analysis of EG and Chlorella vulgaris (CV).
  • Analysis of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the aquatic environment.
  • Comparative metabolomics analysis to identify secreted metabolites.

Main Results:

  • EG secreted significantly more DOM (49.8-fold) than CV, despite lower cell density.
  • EG's DOM was rich in humic acids and contained specific chemical bonds (N-H, O-H, C-H, C=O, C-O-C, C-OH).
  • 24 acidic metabolites, primarily lipids, organoheterocyclic compounds, and organic acids, were identified as biomarkers secreted by EG.

Conclusions:

  • Euglena gracilis (EG) secretes acidic metabolites, causing a decrease in aquatic environmental pH.
  • This study provides novel insights into EG's ecological niche.
  • Understanding EG's pH regulation is crucial for microalgal aquatic environments.