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Defining "Normal" in Pig Parturition.

Alexandra Walls1, Bianca Hatze1, Sabrina Lomax2

  • 1Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia.

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Difficulties during piglet birth (dystocia) impact animal welfare and farm economics. More research is needed to understand pig farrowing and identify sows needing assistance.

Keywords:
behaviourdystociaeutociareproductionsowwelfare

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Science
  • Animal Reproduction

Background:

  • Efficient reproduction is vital in animal production, particularly for pigs.
  • Prolonged farrowing (dystocia) in sows results in poor piglet outcomes, sow health issues, economic losses, and animal welfare concerns.
  • Despite extensive research, the prevalence and identification of dystocia in pigs remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review key factors influencing successful parturition in pigs.
  • To identify research gaps in understanding pig farrowing processes.
  • To inform the development of best practices for identifying and assisting sows with dystocia.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of factors affecting pig parturition.
  • Analysis of existing research on dystocia in swine.
  • Identification of areas requiring further investigation.

Main Results:

  • Farrowing in pigs can be prolonged due to large litter sizes.
  • Lack of consensus exists regarding dystocia prevalence and diagnostic criteria.
  • Understanding parturition is essential for timely intervention.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is crucial to fully understand pig parturition.
  • Improved understanding will aid in early dystocia identification and sow assistance.
  • Addressing research gaps will enhance reproductive efficiency and animal welfare in swine production.