Biosensors and Drug Delivery in Oncotheranostics Using Inorganic Synthetic and Biogenic Magnetic Nanoparticles

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Nanotechnology
• Biotechnology

Background:

• Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are increasingly utilized in translational oncology for combined tumor diagnostics and therapy.
• Both synthetic and biogenic MNPs are explored for oncological theranostics.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and compare synthetic and biogenic magnetic nanoparticles for cancer theranostics.
• To analyze their properties, including synthesis, structure, physicochemical characteristics, therapeutic efficiency, diagnostic potential, biocompatibility, and toxicity.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing data on synthetic and biogenic MNPs in oncological theranostics.
• Comparative analysis of MNP properties regarding antitumor efficacy, diagnostics, biocompatibility, and toxicity.

Main Results:

• Both synthetic and biogenic MNPs are effective for cancer theranostics, including biosensorics and drug delivery.
• Biogenic MNPs exhibit reduced toxicity, making them suitable for in vivo applications like drug delivery and MRI tumor imaging.
• Biogenic MNPs demonstrate adaptability to surface modification and compatibility with tumor cells.

Conclusions:

• Magnetic nanoparticles hold significant potential for advancing cancer theranostics.
• Biogenic MNPs present advantages for in vivo applications due to lower toxicity and natural adaptability.
• Further advances in bionanotechnology are expected to facilitate the clinical translation of MNPs.