Glycated Hemoglobin Electrochemical Immunosensor Based on Screen-Printed Electrode.

Area of Science:

• Electrochemistry
• Biosensors
• Nanomaterials

Background:

• Diabetes mellitus management requires accurate monitoring of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c).
• Existing HbA1c detection methods can be complex and time-consuming.
• Development of sensitive and specific electrochemical sensors is crucial for improved diagnostics.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a highly sensitive and specific electrochemical immunosensor for HbA1c detection.
• To enhance electrode performance using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and screen-printed electrodes (SPEs).
• To evaluate the sensor's performance for potential home-based diabetes management.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of an electrochemical immunosensor by modifying SPEs with AuNPs.
• Immobilization of HbA1c antibodies onto the AuNP-modified electrode surface.
• Detection of HbA1c based on its hindering effect on the electrode's electron transfer reaction, analyzed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and cyclic voltammetry (CV).

Main Results:

• The immunosensor exhibited a linear response to HbA1c in the concentration range of 20-200 μg/mL (R²=0.9812).
• A low detection limit of 15.5 µg/mL and a sensitivity of 0.0938 µA/µg·mL^-1 were achieved.
• The sensor demonstrated satisfactory repeatability, stability, and anti-interference capabilities.

Conclusions:

• The developed electrochemical HbA1c sensor offers high sensitivity, specificity, and a wide linear detection range.
• The sensor's performance suggests its potential for effective diabetes management, particularly in home-use settings.
• The integration of AuNPs and SPEs provides a robust platform for advanced biosensing applications.