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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Special Senses01:26

Introduction to Special Senses

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Sensory receptors play an integral part in comprehending our external and internal environments. They receive diverse stimuli, converting them into the nervous system's electrochemical signals. This conversion occurs as the stimulus alters the sensory neuron's cell membrane potential, instigating the generation of an action potential. This action potential is subsequently transmitted to the central nervous system (CNS), which integrates with other sensory data or higher cognitive...
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Sensory Modalities01:15

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Sensation typically is the process by which the sensory receptors and sense organs detect stimuli from the internal and external environment and transmit this information to the central nervous system for processing.
General senses refer to the broad category of sensory information detected by receptors in the body and can be further grouped into somatic and visceral senses. Somatic sensations include touch, pressure, temperature, and pain and are essential for navigating our environment and...
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The somatosensory system is the central and peripheral nervous system component that senses and processes touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and body position or proprioception. The process of sensation takes place at three levels:
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Sensory systems detect stimuli—such as light and sound waves—and transduce them into neural signals that can be interpreted by the nervous system. In addition to external stimuli detected by the senses, some sensory systems detect internal stimuli—such as the proprioceptors in muscles and tendons that send feedback about limb position.
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Somatosensation01:33

Somatosensation

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The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
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Tactile and Chemical Senses01:27

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Tactile senses encompass touch, temperature, and pain, each mediated by specific receptors. Touch receptors detect mechanical energy or pressure against the skin. Sensory fibers from these receptors enter the spinal cord and relay information to the brain stem. Here, most fibers cross over to the opposite side of the brain. The touch information then moves to the thalamus, which projects a map of the body's surface onto the somatosensory areas of the parietal lobes in the cerebral cortex.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 23, 2025

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Changing the Tendency to Integrate the Senses.

Saul I Quintero1, Ladan Shams1,2,3, Kimia Kamal1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

Brain Sciences
|October 27, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Multisensory integration, or binding tendency, improves perception but is affected by noise. This review explores how binding tendency can be learned and modified, with potential benefits for those with sensory integration deficits.

Keywords:
binding tendencycoupling priorcrossmodal bindingintegration learningintegration tendencymultisensory bindingmultisensory integrationmultisensory learningmultisensory plasticityprobability of common causesensory binding

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Perception Psychology
  • Auditory-Visual Integration

Background:

  • Multisensory integration enhances signal perception (e.g., speech) by combining inputs from the same source.
  • Discrepancies between sensory inputs due to noise necessitate determining a common source, influenced by prior expectations.
  • The tendency to bind stimuli (binding tendency) varies across individuals and over time.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing research on the plasticity of binding tendency.
  • To discuss factors influencing binding tendency, including learning and cognitive knowledge.
  • To explore potential neural mechanisms and future research directions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of studies investigating changes in binding tendency.
  • Discussion of protocols used to modify binding tendency.
  • Examination of candidate learning mechanisms and neural correlates.

Main Results:

  • Binding tendency is plastic and can be modulated by experience and cognitive factors.
  • Various protocols can induce changes in binding tendency.
  • Candidate learning mechanisms and neural correlates are being investigated.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the plasticity of binding tendency is crucial for developing interventions.
  • Mechanisms for increasing binding tendency have potential clinical applications for multisensory integration deficiencies.
  • Future research should focus on elucidating these mechanisms and their translational applications.