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Developmental Milestones of Infancy and Associations with Later Childhood Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in the

Haoran Zhuo1,2, Jingyuan Xiao1,2, Wan-Ling Tseng3

  • 1Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 27, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Delays in infant motor and language milestones predict poorer childhood neurocognitive function and behavioral issues. Early identification of these developmental delays is crucial for understanding long-term outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Infant developmental milestones are linked to later neurodevelopment.
  • Large, diverse sample data are needed to confirm these associations.
  • The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study provides a robust dataset.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between delays in infancy developmental milestones and childhood neurobehavioral outcomes.
  • To analyze data from a large, diverse sample of US children.
  • To determine if motor and language milestone delays predict neurocognitive function and behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 5360 children aged 9-10 from the ABCD study (2016-2020).
  • Definition of milestone delays using the 90th percentile of maternal-reported age at attainment (roll over, sitting, walking, first words).
  • Assessment of childhood neurocognitive function (NIH Toolbox) and behavioral problems (Brief Problem Monitor).
  • Application of linear mixed-effects models to examine associations.

Main Results:

  • Delays in rolling over, sitting, or walking were linked to poorer neurocognitive function.
  • Delayed first words were associated with poorer neurocognitive function and increased behavioral problems.
  • Children with delays in both motor and language milestones exhibited the most significant neurobehavioral deficits.

Conclusions:

  • Infancy motor and language milestone delays are predictive of childhood neurobehavioral outcomes.
  • These findings highlight the importance of monitoring developmental milestones for early identification of potential issues.
  • Early intervention based on milestone attainment may improve long-term neurodevelopmental trajectories.

Keywords:
behavioral problemsearly childhoodinfancy developmental milestonesneurocognitive functions

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