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Isolation, Characterization and Functional Examination of the Gingival Immune Cell Network
Published on: February 16, 2016
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Neutrophil N1 and N2 Subsets and Their Possible Association with Periodontitis: A Scoping Review
Luis Daniel Sansores-España1,2, Samanta Melgar-Rodríguez2, Rolando Vernal2
1Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Yucatán, Merida 97000, Mexico.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|October 27, 2022
Summary
Neutrophils in periodontitis tissues show pro-inflammatory phenotypes, increasing NETosis and cytokine production. While N1 and N2 phenotypes are not identified, these findings suggest a potential role in disease pathogenesis.
Area of Science:
- Oral Biology
- Immunology
- Periodontology
Background:
- Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease linked to subgingival microbiota dysbiosis.
- Neutrophils are crucial in early bacterial recognition and inflammation during periodontitis.
- Neutrophils can exhibit functional polarization into distinct phenotypes, such as pro-inflammatory (N1) and suppressor (N2) subsets.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review existing literature on neutrophil phenotypes in periodontal tissues during periodontitis.
- To determine if specific neutrophil subtypes are associated with periodontitis pathogenesis.
Main Methods:
- A scoping review methodology was employed.
- Searched for original articles in humans detecting neutrophils in periodontal tissues of periodontitis patients.
- Included 16 articles for qualitative analysis after initial screening of 3658 studies.
Main Results:
- Identified various neutrophil subsets including naive, pro-inflammatory, hyper-reactive, and high-responder phenotypes.
- Confirmed the presence of pro-inflammatory, hyper-reactive, and high-responder neutrophils in periodontitis-affected tissues.
- Found no direct evidence for N1 or N2 neutrophil phenotypes in periodontal tissues during periodontitis.
Conclusions:
- Pro-inflammatory neutrophil phenotypes, characterized by increased NETosis, degranulation, and cytokine production, are present in periodontitis.
- These observed pro-inflammatory characteristics may align with N1 neutrophil functions, suggesting a potential role in periodontitis pathogenesis.
- Further research is needed to definitively establish the presence and specific roles of N1/N2 phenotypes in periodontitis.
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