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Related Concept Videos

Degenerative Disc Disease I: Introduction01:27

Degenerative Disc Disease I: Introduction

Degenerative disc disease is a chronic condition in which intervertebral discs gradually lose structure and function. It is not infectious or autoimmune; rather, it results from age-related biochemical and mechanical changes, influenced by genetic, metabolic, and environmental factors.Structure and Function of DiscsThe spine contains 23 intervertebral discs that absorb load, distribute forces, maintain spacing, and allow flexibility. Each disc consists of a nucleus pulposus, a gel-like core...
Degenerative Disc Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

Degenerative Disc Disease ll: Pathophysiology

The symptoms of degenerative disc disease arise from a combination of mechanical compression, vascular compromise, and biochemical inflammation, which together disrupt nerve function and produce pain.Mechanical CompressionDisc degeneration reduces height and elasticity, predisposing to herniation of the nucleus pulposus, a major cause of radicular pain. Herniations may be protrusion (bulging with intact annulus), extrusion (nucleus extends beyond disc but remains connected), or sequestration...

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An In Vitro Organ Culture Model of the Murine Intervertebral Disc
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Engineered Human Intervertebral Disc Model Inducing Degenerative Microglial Proinflammation.

Min-Ho Hwang1, You Jung Kang2,3, Hyeong-Guk Son1

  • 1Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 08308, Korea.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|October 27, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Degenerative intervertebral disc (IVD) disease promotes microglial inflammation, contributing to low back pain (LBP). This study reveals how IVD factors activate microglia, exacerbating degeneration and pain.

Keywords:
chemotaxishuman nucleus pulposusintervertebral disc degenerationmicrogliaproinflammation

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a primary cause of low back pain (LBP).
  • Inflammatory cytokines secreted by IVD cells are implicated in degeneration.
  • Microglia involvement in IVD tissues and surrounding areas is increasingly recognized in LBP pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate microglial inflammation in response to degenerative IVD models using a microfluidic platform.
  • To elucidate the role of soluble factors from degenerated IVD in microglial activation and behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Constructed IVD models by stimulating human nucleus pulposus (NP) cells with interleukin-1β.
  • Utilized a microfluidic chemotaxis platform to assess microglial migration towards IVD-conditioned media.
  • Quantified microglial activation markers (CD11b, CD206) via protein expression analysis.

Main Results:

  • Degenerative IVD models produced elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, CCL-2, CCL-5).
  • Microglia exhibited significant chemotaxis towards the conditioned media from IVD models (p < 0.05).
  • Soluble factors from IVD models upregulated CD11b and downregulated CD206 in microglia, indicating a shift towards a pro-inflammatory phenotype (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Degenerative IVD induces a pro-inflammatory microglial response.
  • This microglial activation exacerbates the inflammatory environment within IVD tissues, leading to matrix degradation and cellular damage.
  • Findings suggest a novel mechanism linking IVD degeneration to LBP through microglial-mediated inflammation.