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Integrated Patterns of Subjective Job Insecurity: A Multigroup Person-Centered Study
Valerio Ghezzi1, Valeria Ciampa1, Tahira M Probst2
1Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi, 78, 00185 Rome, Italy.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|October 27, 2022
Summary
Job insecurity (JI) impacts well-being and performance. This study identified three JI profiles—secure, average, and insecure—revealing distinct patterns of employee well-being and job performance across countries.
Area of Science:
- Organizational Psychology
- Occupational Health Psychology
- Sociology of Work
Background:
- Subjective job insecurity (JI) is a recognized workplace stressor.
- Previous research predominantly used variable-centered approaches, limiting understanding of how JI appraisals co-occur within individuals.
- A person-centered approach is needed to identify distinct JI profiles and their impact on employee outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To apply a person-centered approach using latent profile analysis to identify distinct profiles of job insecurity appraisals.
- To examine how these identified JI profiles relate to employee well-being, personal resources, and job performance.
- To test the external validity of findings across two countries (Italy and USA) and support Conservation of Resources (COR) theory.
Main Methods:
- Latent profile analysis (LPA) was employed to identify distinct profiles of job insecurity appraisals.
- Data were collected from two independent employee samples in Italy (n=743) and the USA (n=494).
- The study examined the association between identified JI profiles and measures of physical/psychological well-being, self-efficacy, positive orientation, and job performance.
Main Results:
- Three distinct job insecurity profiles emerged consistently across both country samples: 'secure', 'average type', and 'insecure'.
- The 'secure' profile group demonstrated significantly better physical and psychological well-being, higher self-rated job performance, and stronger personal resources (self-efficacy, positive orientation) compared to the 'insecure' group.
- The 'average type' profile occupied an intermediate position on these outcome continua, with a narrower range.
Conclusions:
- The findings support the Conservation of Resources (COR) theory by illustrating how different forms of job insecurity appraisals covary within individuals, potentially leading to 'loss spirals'.
- Distinct JI profiles have differential implications for employee well-being, personal resources, and job performance.
- The results offer practical insights for organizations navigating contemporary labor market challenges and post-pandemic work environments.
Keywords:
affective job insecuritycognitive job insecurityemployee well-beinglatent profile analysisperson-centered approachMore Related Videos
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