Factors Associated with Adequate Breastfeeding: Evidence from the Peruvian Demographic and Health Survey, 2019
Mariela Yamunaque-Carranza1,2, Sebastian A Medina-Ramirez3, Carlos S Mamani-García4,5
1Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Chiclayo 14012, Peru.
Insights
Adequate breastfeeding (ABF) was practiced by 48.1% of Peruvian mothers. Factors like employment, region, vaginal delivery, and number of children influenced ABF rates, highlighting the need for targeted health policies.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Maternal and Child Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Adequate breastfeeding (ABF) is crucial for infant health, adhering to World Health Organization guidelines.
- Understanding factors influencing ABF in Peru is essential for improving infant nutrition and survival rates.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the factors associated with adequate breastfeeding (ABF) among Peruvian mothers in 2019.
Main Methods:
- Secondary analysis of the 2019 Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES) database.
- ABF defined as early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months.
- Poisson generalized linear models used to identify associated factors, calculating adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
Main Results:
- A prevalence of 48.1% for ABF was observed among 11,157 women.
- Factors associated with higher ABF included unemployment (aPR:1.02), residence in coastal areas (excluding Lima), highlands, or jungle, vaginal delivery (aPR:1.30), and having two or more children.
- Young maternal age (68.6%) and urban residence (65.5%) were common characteristics.
Conclusions:
- Nearly half of Peruvian women practiced adequate breastfeeding (ABF).
- Key factors influencing ABF were occupation, region of residence, delivery type, and parity.
- Implementation of health policies and maternal counseling by healthcare professionals is recommended to increase ABF prevalence.
Objective:
To assess the factors associated with adequate breastfeeding (ABF) among Peruvian mothers during 2019.
Materials And Methods:
We performed a secondary analysis of the 2019 Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES) database of Peru. ABF was defined based on the recommendations of the World Health Organization, which defined it as starting breastfeeding within the first hour of life and continuing with exclusive breastfeeding for up to 6 months. To determine the factors associated with ABF, a Poisson generalized linear models with log-link function was used. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) with their respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated.
Results:
A prevalence of ABF of 48.1% was identified among 11,157 women who reported at least one child in the last five years. Most of them were young (68.6%) and lived in urban areas (65.5%). Furthermore, being unemployed (aPR:1.02; 95% CI:1.00-1.04); residing on the coast, except for Metropolitan Lima (aPR:1.08; 95% CI:1.04-1.11), the highlands (aPR:1.14; 95% CI:1.11-1.18), and the jungle (aPR:1.20; 95% CI: 1.16-1.24); having had a vaginal delivery (aPR:1.30; 95% CI:1.27-1.05); and having two children (aPR:1.03; 95% CI:1.01-1.05) or three or more children (aPR:1.03; 95% CI:1.01-1.05) were associated with a higher frequency of ABF.
Conclusions:
One out of two women between 18-59 with children performed ABF. The factors associated with ABF were the current occupation, region of residence, type of delivery, and parity. Health policies and strategies should be implemented, considering our results, to promote maternal counseling by health personnel in order to increase the prevalence of ABF in the Peruvian population.
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