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Lipoprotein(a): Evidence for Role as a Causal Risk Factor in Cardiovascular Disease and Emerging Therapies

Harpreet S Bhatia1, Michael J Wilkinson1

  • 1Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|October 27, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is a confirmed cause of cardiovascular diseases like atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD). New therapies targeting Lp(a) are in development to manage this significant cardiovascular risk.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Genetics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is a recognized risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.
  • Evidence from mechanistic, epidemiologic, and genetic studies confirms Lp(a)'s causal role.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evidence supporting Lp(a) as a causal risk factor for ASCVD and AS/CAVD.
  • To discuss current and emerging strategies for managing Lp(a)-associated cardiovascular risk.

Main Methods:

  • Review of mechanistic studies.
  • Analysis of epidemiologic data.
  • Examination of genetic evidence.

Main Results:

  • Strong evidence supports Lp(a) as a causal factor in ASCVD.
  • Lp(a) is also implicated as a causal factor in AS/CAVD.
  • Limited therapeutic options currently exist for elevated Lp(a).

Conclusions:

  • Lp(a) is a significant, modifiable risk factor for ASCVD and AS/CAVD.
  • Several targeted therapies for Lp(a) are in clinical development.
  • Management of Lp(a)-associated risk is an evolving area in cardiovascular medicine.

Keywords:
cardiovascular diseaselipoprotein(a)preventionrisk factors

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