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Updated: Aug 23, 2025
Modeling and Evaluation of Murine Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Model
Published on: November 29, 2024
Diabetes Mellitus and Heart Failure
Wun-Zhih Siao1,2, Yong-Hsin Chen3,4, Chin-Feng Tsai1,2
1Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
Insights
Managing diabetes mellitus (DM) is crucial for preventing heart failure (HF) due to their frequent coexistence and associated risks. This review explores diabetic cardiomyopathy and treatment strategies, including SGLT2 inhibitors.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Endocrinology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus (DM) and heart failure (HF) frequently coexist, increasing mortality and hospitalization risks.
- The prevalence of both DM and HF is rising globally, necessitating effective management strategies.
- Concomitant DM and HF result in a worse prognosis compared to either condition alone.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the prevalence and prognosis of coexisting DM and HF.
- To explain the pathophysiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy and its link to HF with preserved ejection fraction.
- To summarize therapeutic approaches, including mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists and SGLT2 inhibitors for managing DM and HF.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on DM, HF, diabetic cardiomyopathy, and treatment outcomes.
- Analysis of the relationship between DM and HF with preserved ejection fraction.
- Evaluation of the role of SGLT2 inhibitors in DM patients with HF.
Main Results:
- DM and HF significantly increase the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
- Diabetic cardiomyopathy plays a key role in the pathophysiology of HF in diabetic patients.
- Emerging evidence supports the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in managing HF in patients with DM.
Conclusions:
- Effective DM management is critical for preventing HF and improving patient outcomes.
- Understanding diabetic cardiomyopathy is essential for targeted therapeutic interventions.
- SGLT2 inhibitors represent a promising therapeutic option for patients with both DM and HF.
Abstract:
The coexistence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and heart failure (HF) is frequent and is associated with a higher risk of hospitalization for HF and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. It has been estimated that millions of people are affected by HF and DM, and the prevalence of both conditions has increased over time. Concomitant HF and diabetes confer a worse prognosis than each alone; therefore, managing DM care is critical for preventing HF. This article reviews the prevalence of HF and diabetes and the correlated prognosis as well as provides a basic understanding of diabetic cardiomyopathy, including its pathophysiology, focusing on the relationship between DM and HF with a preserved ejection fraction and summarizes the potential aldosterone and the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists approaches for managing heart failure and DM. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2Is) are an emerging class of glucose-lowering drugs, and the role of SGLT2Is in DM patients with HF was reviewed to establish updated and comprehensive concepts for improving optimal medical care in clinical practice.
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