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On the Preparation and Testing of Fuel Cell Catalysts Using the Thin Film Rotating Disk Electrode Method
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Microstructure Reconstruction and Multiphysics Dynamic Distribution Simulation of the Catalyst Layer in PEMFC.

Zhigang Zhan1,2,3, Hao Song1, Xiaoxiang Yang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.

Membranes
|October 27, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study models proton-exchange membrane fuel cell catalyst layers, revealing proton conduction as key to electrochemical reactions. Optimized catalyst structures can improve fuel cell performance by managing heat, mass transport, and water distribution.

Keywords:
catalyst layer microstructuredynamic processeselectrochemical reactionheat and mass transportnano-ctproton conductionproton exchange membrane fuel cellreconstruction

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Computational Modeling

Background:

  • Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) face complex challenges due to catalyst layer (CL) material and structural intricacies.
  • Simultaneous conjugated heat and mass transfer, alongside electrochemical processes, occur within the CL.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and apply a multiphysics dynamic distribution (MPDD) simulation for analyzing CL microstructure.
  • To investigate heat and mass transport, electrochemical reactions, and water phase-change within the CL.

Main Methods:

  • Reconstruction of a CL microstructure model using Nano-computed tomography (Nano-CT) data.
  • Multiphysics dynamic distribution (MPDD) simulation combining pore-scale and homogeneous models.
  • Analysis of heat and mass transport, electrochemical reactions, and water phase-change.

Main Results:

  • Proton conduction identified as the primary factor influencing electrochemical reaction strength under sufficient oxygen.
  • Current density, temperature, and water distribution show similar trends, decreasing from the membrane interface to the gas-diffusion layer interface.
  • A stable simulation solution was achieved within 3 seconds for a 4 µm³ computational domain.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a detailed understanding of transport phenomena and reactions within CL microstructures.
  • Findings guide the optimal design and fabrication of CL components, including reducing dead pores and agglomerates.
  • Improved CL design can enhance overall PEMFC efficiency and performance.