3D Scaffolds Fabrication via Bicomponent Microgels Assembly: Process Optimization and In Vitro Characterization

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Engineering
• Tissue Engineering
• Biotechnology

Background:

• Fabricating 3D models for in vitro cell response evaluation is crucial.
• Electro-assisted technologies, like electro fluid dynamic atomization (EFDA), enable microgel production with desirable hydrogel properties.
• Sodium alginate and gelatin are promising biocompatible materials for scaffold development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a method for fabricating 3D scaffolds using bicomponent microgels.
• To characterize the morphology and composition of alginate/gelatin microgels.
• To evaluate the in vitro cell response on these 3D scaffolds.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of bicomponent microgels using electro fluid dynamic atomization (EFDA).
• Characterization using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and image analysis.
• Chemical analysis including ninhydrin assays and FTIR spectroscopy.
• In vitro cell culture studies with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs).

Main Results:

• Microgel morphology was correlated with EFDA process parameters (voltage, flow rate, electrode gap, needle diameter).
• FTIR and ninhydrin assays confirmed gelatin presence within the alginate network via physical interactions.
• In vitro tests demonstrated that the protein component influenced hMSC biological response.
• Alginate/gelatin microgel assemblies effectively supported in vitro cell functions.

Conclusions:

• Alginate/gelatin microgel assemblies fabricated by EFDA serve as effective 3D scaffolds.
• These scaffolds provide a biocompatible and supportive microenvironment for in vitro cell studies.
• The developed method offers a novel approach for creating 3D cell culture platforms.