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Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

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Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
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Celiac Disease and Gallbladder: Pathophysiological Aspects and Clinical Issues.

Dimitri Poddighe1,2, Kuanysh Dossybayeva1, Diyora Abdukhakimova1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan.

Nutrients
|October 27, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Celiac disease (CD) can impair gallbladder emptying due to altered cholecystokinin secretion, often improving with a gluten-free diet. Gallbladder complications are not more common in CD patients, but research is limited.

Keywords:
celiac diseasecholecystitischolecystokiningallbladdergallbladder dysmotilitygallstonesgluten-free diet

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated disorder affecting the small intestine and extra-intestinal organs.
  • Liver and biliary tract alterations are observed in CD patients, including potential gallbladder dysfunction.
  • This review focuses on gallbladder dysfunction in CD, its pathophysiology, clinical evidence, and potential complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze and summarize pathophysiological aspects and clinical evidence of gallbladder dysfunction in celiac disease patients.
  • To discuss potential medical complications and identify clinical research gaps related to gallbladder alterations in CD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on gallbladder function in celiac disease patients.
  • Analysis of pathophysiological mechanisms, including bile composition and gallbladder motility.
  • Examination of clinical evidence and potential complications like cholecystitis.

Main Results:

  • CD patients may exhibit gallbladder dysmotility, characterized by impaired emptying, linked to altered cholecystokinin secretion.
  • This dysfunction appears largely reversible with a gluten-free diet.
  • No increased predisposition to calculous or acalculous cholecystitis was found, though evidence is limited.

Conclusions:

  • Gallbladder dysfunction in CD is primarily related to impaired cholecystokinin secretion and is often responsive to a gluten-free diet.
  • Despite observed dysfunction, CD patients do not appear to have a higher risk of gallbladder complications.
  • Further clinical studies are needed to fully understand the implications of gallbladder alterations in celiac disease.