Two Regional Deployment Algorithms of Distributed GNSS Forwarding Spoofer for Multiple Receiver Sensors

Area of Science:

• Navigation Systems
• Cybersecurity
• Signal Processing

Background:

• Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) spoofing is crucial for protecting critical infrastructure and managing foreign objects.
• Effective distributed spoofing across multiple receivers requires optimized deployment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and evaluate algorithms for distributed GNSS forwarding spoofing targeting multiple receivers.
• To establish a GNSS forwarding spoofing model and assess its functional scope.

Main Methods:

• Developed a GNSS forwarding spoofing model, including a mathematical model and an asynchronous traction method.
• Proposed two area deployment algorithms: Multi-Target Same-Point Spoofing Algorithm (MSPSA) and Multi-Target Different-Point Spoofing Algorithm (MDPSA) for Multi-Spoofer Multi-Target (MSMT) scenarios.
• Conducted experimental tests to validate MSPSA and MDPSA performance for MSMT.

Main Results:

• MSPSA and MDPSA provide optimal spoofer deployment schemes tailored to specific needs.
• Experimental results demonstrated 100% Critical Spoofing Rate (CSR) and Spoofing Success Rate (SSR) under specific conditions (e.g., 1 spoofer, 40,345.1m total distance).
• The proposed deployment schemes effectively meet spoofer requirements for distributed GNSS forwarding spoofing.

Conclusions:

• The developed algorithms (MSPSA and MDPSA) enable effective distributed GNSS spoofing for multiple targets.
• Optimized spoofer deployment is key to achieving high spoofing success rates and meeting security objectives.
• This research advances GNSS security by providing practical solutions for distributed spoofing applications.