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Measurement of Fluid Pressure

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 23, 2025

Author Spotlight: Fabrication of a Low-Cost, Fiber-Coupled, and Air-Spaced Fabry-Pérot Etalon

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Fiber Lateral Pressure Sensor Based on Vernier- Effect Improved Fabry-Perot Interferometer.

Xu Guo¹, Rui Wu¹, Jingcheng Zhou²

¹Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|October 27, 2022

Summary

A novel fiber optic pressure sensor withstands harsh conditions up to 2200 psi and 140°C. This sensor offers significantly enhanced pressure sensitivity, ideal for real-time monitoring in demanding industrial applications.

Keywords:

Fabry–Perot Vernier effect fiber optic sensor

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Optical Engineering
Sensor Technology

Background:

Harsh environments in industrial processes like composite forming require robust sensors.
Existing fiber optic sensors may lack the necessary sensitivity or durability for such applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a fiber optic pressure sensor capable of operating under extreme conditions (high pressure and temperature).
To enhance the pressure sensitivity of fiber optic sensors for precise monitoring.
To evaluate the sensor's suitability for real-time pressure monitoring in confined, harsh environments.

Main Methods:

Development of a specialized fiber optic pressure sensor.
Testing the sensor's performance under pressures up to 2200 psi and temperatures of 140°C.
Characterization of pressure sensitivity, including evaluation of the Vernier effect for further enhancement.
Comparison of sensor sensitivity against bare Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors within ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composite fabric.

Main Results:

The developed fiber optic sensor successfully survived pressures of 2200 psi and temperatures of 140°C.
The sensor demonstrated a pressure sensitivity 14 times higher than bare FBG sensors within UHMWPE composite fabric.
Further enhancement of sensitivity by a factor of 6 was achieved using the Vernier effect.
The sensor's small size (hundreds of microns sensing length, 125 µm diameter) is suitable for point measurements.

Conclusions:

A durable and highly sensitive fiber optic pressure sensor has been successfully developed for extreme environments.
The sensor design, particularly with the Vernier effect, offers significant advantages for precise pressure monitoring.
This technology is well-suited for real-time, in-situ pressure measurements in challenging industrial applications like composite manufacturing.