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Related Concept Videos

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We previously discussed angular velocity for uniform circular motion, however not all motion is uniform. Envision an ice skater spinning with their arms outstretched; when they pull their arms inward, their angular velocity increases. Additionally, think about a computer's hard disk slowing to a halt as the angular velocity decreases. The faster the change in angular velocity, the greater the angular acceleration. The instantaneous angular acceleration is defined as the derivative of...
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Uniform circular motion is motion in a circle at a constant speed. Although this is the simplest case of rotational motion, it is very useful for many situations and is used to introduce rotational variables. When a particle is moving in a circle, the coordinate system is fixed and serves as a frame of reference to define the particle’s position. Its position vector from the origin of the circle to the particle sweeps out the angle θ, which increases in the counterclockwise direction...
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Angular Momentum01:21

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Angular momentum characterizes an object's rotational motion and is defined as the moment of its linear momentum about a specified point O. When a particle moves along a curved path in the x-y plane, the scalar formulation calculates the magnitude of its angular momentum, utilizing the moment arm (d), representing the perpendicular distance from point O to the line of action of the linear momentum. Despite being scalar in formulation, angular momentum is inherently a vector quantity. Its...
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Angular Momentum about an Arbitrary Axis01:11

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Imagine a rigid body with a mass denoted as 'm', which has its center of mass at point G and is rotating around an inertial reference frame. The angular momentum at an arbitrary point P can be calculated by taking the cross product of the position vector and linear momentum vector for each individual mass element.
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Angular Momentum: Single Particle01:10

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Angular momentum is directed perpendicular to the plane of the rotation, and its magnitude depends on the choice of the origin. The perpendicular vector joining the linear momentum vector of an object to the origin is called the “lever arm.” If the lever arm and linear momentum are collinear, then the magnitude of the angular momentum is zero. Therefore, in this case, the object rotates about the origin such that it lies on the rim of the circumference defined by the lever arm...
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Relating Angular And Linear Quantities - I01:09

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If the rotational definitions are compared with the definitions of linear kinematic variables from motion along a straight line and motion in two and three dimensions, we can observe a mapping of the linear variables to the rotational ones.
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Updated: Aug 23, 2025

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Event-Based Angular Speed Measurement and Movement Monitoring.

George Oliveira de Araújo Azevedo1, Bruno José Torres Fernandes1, Leandro Honorato de Souza Silva1,2

  • 1Escola Politécnica de Pernambuco, University of Pernambuco, Recife 50720-001, Brazil.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 27, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces an event-based angular speed measurement (EB-ASM) method using neuromorphic sensors. This contactless technique accurately measures rotational speed in high-speed systems, overcoming limitations of traditional computer vision.

Keywords:
angular speedevent-based visionrotational measurement

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Area of Science:

  • Robotics and Automation
  • Sensor Technology
  • Mechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Computer vision enables contactless monitoring of rotating equipment for condition assessment and failure prevention.
  • Traditional vision sensors face challenges with high-speed systems, including large data processing and motion blur susceptibility.
  • Neuromorphic sensors offer high temporal resolution and dynamic range, processing event-based data efficiently.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and evaluate a novel method for measuring rotational speed in high-speed systems using event-based data.
  • To leverage neuromorphic sensor capabilities for precise, contactless rotational speed measurement.
  • To address limitations of traditional computer vision methods in high-speed rotational monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Developed the Event-based Angular Speed Measurement (EB-ASM) method utilizing event-based data from a neuromorphic sensor.
  • Calculated rotational speed by analyzing the time difference between sensor spikes within a defined kernel or window.
  • Validated the EB-ASM method in experimental scenarios involving a fan and a CNC machine spindle.

Main Results:

  • The EB-ASM method demonstrated high dynamic range and immunity to motion blur.
  • Simultaneous measurement of multiple rotations using a single device was shown to be feasible.
  • Experimental results showed a mean absolute error of less than 0.2% compared to a calibrated digital photo-tachometer.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed EB-ASM method offers a precise and efficient solution for measuring rotational speed in high-speed systems.
  • Neuromorphic sensing provides significant advantages over traditional vision techniques for this application.
  • The EB-ASM method is suitable for industrial applications requiring accurate, contactless monitoring of rotating machinery.