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    This study introduces a robust Mueller matrix imaging system without moving parts, featuring a spatially modulated polarization light source (SMPL) and dual division-of-focal-plane (DoFP) polarimeters. A novel calibration method effectively minimizes errors for improved imaging performance.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Engineering
    • Polarimetry
    • Image Processing

    Background:

    • Mueller matrix imaging is crucial for characterizing materials.
    • Traditional systems often involve moving parts, limiting robustness.
    • Spatiotemporal polarization modulation offers potential for advanced imaging.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a robust Mueller matrix imaging system without moving parts.
    • To investigate and calibrate errors arising from spatially modulated polarization light sources.
    • To demonstrate the system's performance in imaging diverse samples.

    Main Methods:

    • A novel system combining a spatially modulated polarization light source (SMPL) and dual division-of-focal-plane (DoFP) polarimeters was designed.
    • Mueller matrix images were acquired at varying distances to analyze spatial polarization errors.
    • A calibration technique was developed to mitigate SMPL-induced errors.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed system demonstrated robust and reliable Mueller matrix imaging without mechanical components.
    • The calibration method significantly reduced errors associated with spatial polarization variations.
    • Effective Mueller matrix imaging of various samples was achieved, validating the technique.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed Mueller matrix imaging system offers enhanced reliability for demanding applications.
    • The proposed calibration method is effective in correcting SMPL-induced errors.
    • This technique advances polarimetric imaging capabilities for material characterization.