Interaction dynamics of optical dark bound solitons for a defocusing Lakshmanan-Porsezian-Daniel equation

We investigate the propagation and interaction dynamics of the optical dark bound solitons for the defocusing Lakshmanan-Porsezian-Daniel equation, which is a physically relevant generalization of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation involving the higher-order effects. Explicit N-dark soliton solutions in the compact determinant form are constructed via the binary Darboux transformation method. Bound states of the dark solitons are discussed when the incoherent solitons have the same velocity. We find an interesting phenomenon that dark soliton molecules and double-valley dark solitons (DVDSs) can be obtained by controlling the interval of the bound state dark solitons, and abundant interaction modalities between them can be formed. Moreover, dark soliton molecules always undergo elastic interactions with other solitons, while interactions for the DVDSs are usually inelastic, and special parameter conditions for elastic interaction of DVDSs through asymptotic analysis are obtained. Numerical simulations are employed to verify the stability of the bound state dark solitons. Analytical results obtained in this paper are expected to be useful for the experimental realization of bound-state dark solitons in optical fibers with higher-order effects and a further understanding of their optical transmission properties..