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Factors Affecting Adherence With Follow-up Appointments in HIV Patients.

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Younger individuals living with HIV are less likely to adhere to clinic appointments. Age-specific outreach is needed to improve adherence and viral suppression in this demographic.

Keywords:
adherence to therapyfollow-up appointmenthiv carehiv viral loaduncontrolled hiv

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The majority of new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections stem from individuals with untreated HIV.
  • Understanding factors influencing adherence to clinical follow-up is crucial for managing HIV and preventing transmission.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between demographic factors, viral suppression, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) status, and adherence to clinical follow-up in people living with HIV.
  • To identify specific patient groups requiring targeted interventions to improve treatment adherence.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study analyzing data from 489 individuals living with HIV.
  • Utilized univariable and multivariable logistic regression to assess associations between demographic variables, clinical status, and appointment adherence.
  • Key variables included age, gender, insurance status, CD4 count, and viral load detectability.

Main Results:

  • Older patients (over 50) demonstrated significantly higher adherence to clinic appointments compared to younger patients (50 or younger).
  • Age was the only significant predictor of adherence in multivariable analysis (OR=2.1, 95% CI=1.4-3.1, P<0.001).
  • Gender and insurance status did not show a significant association with viral suppression or AIDS status.

Conclusions:

  • Age is a critical factor associated with adherence to clinical follow-up in individuals with HIV.
  • Younger individuals (≤50 years) exhibit lower adherence rates, highlighting a need for tailored, age-specific outreach strategies.
  • Improving adherence in younger populations is essential for enhancing viral suppression and reducing HIV transmission.