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The interaction between drought stress and nodule formation under multiple environments in chickpea
Tawffiq Istanbuli1, Ahmed Abu Assar2, Sawsan Tawkaz1
1International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Beirut, Lebanon.
Plos One
|October 27, 2022
Summary
Drought significantly reduces chickpea yield and nodule formation. However, specific genotypes demonstrated higher drought tolerance, maintaining minimal yield and nodule biomass reduction, highlighting their potential for improved crop resilience.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Science
- Plant Physiology
- Agronomy
Background:
- Drought stress is a major abiotic factor limiting crop yield, particularly in legumes like chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), where it can cause over 70% yield loss.
- Symbiotic nitrogen fixation, crucial for legume productivity, is negatively impacted by environmental stresses such as drought, affecting overall yielding capacity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the interaction between drought stress and nodule formation in chickpea genotypes.
- To assess the impact of drought on morphological traits, yield, and yield components in chickpea.
- To identify chickpea genotypes exhibiting superior drought tolerance and stable nodule formation.
Main Methods:
- Evaluated 204 chickpea genotypes across two locations in Lebanon under irrigated and rainfed (drought) conditions over two seasons (2016-2017).
- Assessed morphological traits (days to 50% flowering, day to maturity, plant height), nodule characteristics (biomass, fresh weight, dry weight), and yield components (grain yield, biological yield, 100-seed weight).
- Utilized an Alpha lattice design with two replications and measured drought tolerance stress (DTS).
Main Results:
- Significant variations were observed among genotypes, environments, and measured traits under drought stress.
- Drought stress significantly reduced yield and nodule characteristics, including biological and grain yield.
- Genotypes IG70399, IG8256, IG71832, IG70270, and IG70272 showed high drought tolerance with minimal reduction in yield and nodule biomass.
- Nodule biomass positively correlated with grain yield under drought stress, and nodule characteristics showed stronger correlations with flowering and maturity dates under drought than irrigation.
Conclusions:
- Drought stress negatively impacts chickpea yield and symbiotic nodulation, but genotypic variation exists in tolerance.
- Certain chickpea genotypes possess inherent traits for enhanced drought tolerance and maintain better nodule formation under stress.
- Nodule characteristics are valuable indicators for selecting drought-tolerant chickpea genotypes, especially under water-limited conditions.
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