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Lung transplantation for coronavirus disease 2019 associated severe acute respiratory distress syndrome

Rafael Garza-Castillon1, Ankit Bharat1,2

  • 1Division of Thoracic Surgery.

Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology
|October 27, 2022
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Lung transplantation can be a life-saving option for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients who do not recover lung function. Outcomes are comparable to other lung transplant indications when performed at expert centers.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Transplant Surgery
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can lead to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) requiring advanced respiratory support.
  • Lung transplantation is being considered for select COVID-19 ARDS patients with irreversible lung damage.
  • Understanding the pathological mechanisms and outcomes is crucial for guiding treatment decisions.

Approach:

  • This review analyzes recent literature on lung transplantation for COVID-19 ARDS.
  • It examines pathological findings in explanted lungs.
  • Selection criteria and patient outcomes are evaluated.

Key Points:

  • Pathological changes in COVID-19 ARDS lungs resemble those seen in other end-stage lung diseases.
  • Short-term outcomes for lung transplantation in COVID-19 ARDS are comparable to those for other indications.
  • Successful transplantation requires careful patient selection and high-volume center expertise.

Conclusions:

  • Lung transplantation offers a potentially life-saving intervention for COVID-19 ARDS patients unresponsive to maximal therapy.
  • It is a viable option for carefully selected individuals with no signs of lung recovery.
  • Performing these complex procedures at experienced, high-volume centers is recommended.

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