Green, simple analytical method for total biogenic amines content determination in wine using spectrophotometry

Area of Science:

• Analytical Chemistry
• Food Chemistry
• Green Chemistry

Background:

• Biogenic amines (BAs) are crucial indicators of food quality and safety.
• Accurate determination of BAs is essential for quality control in food and beverage industries.
• Existing methods for BA determination can be complex, costly, and environmentally burdensome.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a simple, green, and equitable procedure for total biogenic amines (BAs) content determination.
• To introduce a novel colorimetric method utilizing S0378 dye for BA quantification.
• To adapt the method for routine analyses, particularly in resource-limited settings.

Main Methods:

• Development of a colorimetric assay based on the reaction between biogenic amines and S0378 dye.
• Optimization of reaction conditions using Box-Behnken response surface methodology.
• Validation of the method's performance through assessment of figures of merit (R², recovery) and greenness (AGREEprep).

Main Results:

• The developed method demonstrated high accuracy and precision for putrescine equivalent determination (R²: 0.9906-0.9933, recovery: 99.7-101.2%).
• The procedure is simplified for ease of use in routine analyses and resource-scarce environments.
• The method's environmental impact was evaluated using AGREEprep, confirming its green characteristics.

Conclusions:

• A novel, simple, and green colorimetric method for total biogenic amines determination has been successfully developed.
• The method is suitable for routine analysis and applicable to real-world samples, such as wine.
• This equitable procedure offers a valuable tool for quality control in various industries, especially where resources are limited.