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Updated: Aug 23, 2025
Author Spotlight: Understanding and Detecting Environmental Antimicrobial Resistance by Combining Culture-Based Techniques and Genomics
Published on: July 19, 2024
Functional and Sequence-Specific Screening Protocols for the Detection of Novel Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in
Supathep Tansirichaiya1, William Hutton2, Adam P Roberts3
1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Abstract:
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an increasingly important global challenge for healthcare systems as well as agricultural food production systems. Our ability to prepare for, and respond to, emerging AMR threats is dependent on our knowledge of genes able to confer AMR that are circulating within various environmental, animal, and human microbiomes. Targeted, sequence-specific, detection of AMR genes and functional resistance assays, described here, carried out on metagenomic DNA gives us unique insights into the presence of AMR genes and how these are associated with mobile genetic elements that may be responsible for their dissemination and can also provide important information about the mechanisms of resistance underpinning the phenotype.
Insights
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a global threat. Detecting AMR genes in environmental, animal, and human microbiomes using metagenomic DNA provides crucial insights into resistance mechanisms and dissemination.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Genetics
- Public Health
Background:
- Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant global challenge impacting human health and agriculture.
- Understanding the prevalence and spread of AMR genes in diverse microbiomes is critical for effective response strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the presence and characteristics of antimicrobial resistance genes (AMR genes) within various microbiomes.
- To analyze the association of AMR genes with mobile genetic elements for insights into dissemination.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing targeted, sequence-specific detection methods for AMR genes.
- Performing functional resistance assays on metagenomic DNA extracted from environmental, animal, and human samples.
- Analyzing the association between identified AMR genes and mobile genetic elements.
Main Results:
- Identification of specific AMR genes circulating in different microbiome samples.
- Characterization of the association between AMR genes and mobile genetic elements, suggesting dissemination pathways.
- Gained insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying observed antimicrobial resistance phenotypes.
Conclusions:
- Metagenomic analysis provides valuable data on AMR gene presence and distribution.
- Understanding gene-environment-host interactions is key to combating AMR.
- Sequence-specific detection and functional assays are powerful tools for AMR surveillance.
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