Distant metastases in human papillomavirus-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: Systematic review and...

The prevalence of distant metastases (DM) in human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) remains unknown. A PRISMA systematic review of DM rates in patients with HPV-related OPSCC was performed. PubMed-MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched. The primary outcome was prevalence of DM. Data on demographics, tumor classification, and clinical outcomes were also collected. Meta-analysis of pooled DM rate was determined. Ten articles met inclusion criteria, representing 1860 patients with mean follow-up of 3.6 years. Overall DM rate was 7.0% (95% CI: 5.9-8.2). T3 or T4 classification disease was associated with a 4.88-fold (95% CI: 1.92-12.40) risk of DM compared to T1 or T2 classification disease. This study is the first to systematically review the prevalence of DM among patients with HPV-related OPSCC, where pooled DM rate was found to be 7%.