Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cell Signaling in Plants01:25

Cell Signaling in Plants

5.7K
Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
5.7K
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

8.8K
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
8.8K
Transcriptional Regulation: Riboswitches01:23

Transcriptional Regulation: Riboswitches

98
Riboswitches are RNA elements that regulate gene expression by altering their secondary structures in response to specific effector molecules. These elements, located in the leader regions of certain mRNAs, act as transcriptional regulators by toggling between alternative conformations to control downstream gene expression. Riboswitch-mediated regulation is a precise mechanism for modulating biosynthetic pathways, as exemplified by the riboflavin biosynthesis pathway in Bacillus...
98
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

976
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
976
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

3.1K
3.1K
Riboswitches01:56

Riboswitches

8.4K
Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
8.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Development and validation of a multimodal predictive model based on clinical, biochemical, and quantitative dual-energy CT parameters: for predicting the benignity and malignancy of thyroid nodules.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2026
Same author

Enhancing effects of diphenyl diselenide and β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate combined with exercise on neuroprotection, memory, mitochondrial function, muscle function, and inflammation regulation in older adults and age-related diseases.

Frontiers in nutrition·2026
Same author

Effects of acupuncture on cognitive function and lipid metabolism in post-stroke vascular dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Frontiers in aging neuroscience·2026
Same author

Ultra-High Contact Electrified Current Generation and Chemical Sensing at IL-Based Immiscible Liquid-Liquid Interface.

Micromachines·2026
Same author

How Does the Absence of Job Embeddedness Contribute to Nurses' Turnover Intention? A Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis.

Journal of nursing management·2026
Same author

The microbial nexus: linking arsenic biogeochemistry with greenhouse gas emissions.

Frontiers in microbiology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 23, 2025

Investigating Interactions Between Histone Modifying Enzymes and Transcription Factors in vivo by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer
11:33

Investigating Interactions Between Histone Modifying Enzymes and Transcription Factors in vivo by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer

Published on: October 14, 2022

1.7K

R-loops: emerging key regulators in plants.

Dongyang Zheng1, Mengqi Li1, Ying Yang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, CIC-MCP, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.

Journal of Experimental Botany
|October 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

R-loops, crucial for plant development and stress responses, are understudied in plants compared to humans. Further research is vital to understand their regulatory roles and harness them for agricultural advancements.

Keywords:
Epigenetic modificationsR-loopsRNA processinggenome stabilitygenomic regulatorplant development and stress responses

More Related Videos

mRNA Interactome Capture from Plant Protoplasts
12:29

mRNA Interactome Capture from Plant Protoplasts

Published on: July 28, 2017

9.2K
Lateral Root Inducible System in Arabidopsis and Maize
09:23

Lateral Root Inducible System in Arabidopsis and Maize

Published on: January 14, 2016

13.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 23, 2025

Investigating Interactions Between Histone Modifying Enzymes and Transcription Factors in vivo by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer
11:33

Investigating Interactions Between Histone Modifying Enzymes and Transcription Factors in vivo by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer

Published on: October 14, 2022

1.7K
mRNA Interactome Capture from Plant Protoplasts
12:29

mRNA Interactome Capture from Plant Protoplasts

Published on: July 28, 2017

9.2K
Lateral Root Inducible System in Arabidopsis and Maize
09:23

Lateral Root Inducible System in Arabidopsis and Maize

Published on: January 14, 2016

13.9K

Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • R-loops (DNA:RNA hybrids) are gaining attention for their biological roles.
  • Plant R-loop research lags behind human studies, necessitating increased investigation.
  • Pioneering studies suggest R-loops regulate plant growth, development, and stress responses.

Approach:

  • This review synthesizes current knowledge on R-loop biological implications in plants.
  • It highlights the interplay between R-loops and epigenetic modifications.
  • It examines R-loop roles in genome integrity, DNA replication, and RNA processing.

Key Points:

  • R-loops influence epigenetic modifications at DNA, RNA, and chromatin levels.
  • They play regulatory roles in maintaining genome integrity, centromere function, and DNA replication.
  • R-loops are implicated in controlling plant growth, development, stress responses, and RNA processing.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding R-loop biology is crucial for advancing plant science.
  • R-loops represent potential genetic targets for developing plants with improved agronomic traits.