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Complement components in normal pregnancy.

U Johnson, B Gustavii

    Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, Et Immunologica Scandinavica. Section C, Immunology
    |June 1, 1987
    PubMed
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    Pregnancy alters complement system proteins, with most increasing during gestation. Postpartum, many levels normalize, though some complement components remain altered, and some women exhibit inactive C1 inhibitor at delivery.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Reproductive Medicine
    • Clinical Chemistry

    Background:

    • The complement system is crucial for innate immunity.
    • Pregnancy involves significant physiological changes, potentially affecting immune function.
    • Understanding complement component dynamics during pregnancy is vital for maternal and fetal health.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the behavior of sixteen complement components throughout normal pregnancy.
    • To assess complement levels at delivery and postpartum.
    • To identify any functional alterations in complement components, specifically C1 inhibitor, at term.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of sixteen complement components at three distinct time points during pregnancy.
    • Sample collection at delivery and six weeks postpartum.

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  • Functional assessment of C1 inhibitor (C1 IA) at delivery.

    • Main Results:

    • Most complement factors (excluding C1 IA and D) showed increased levels during pregnancy.
    • Postpartum, levels of most components began to normalize, with exceptions for C1s, C4, and C6.
    • Fifteen percent of women presented with functionally inactive C1 inhibitor at the time of delivery.

    Conclusions:

    • Normal pregnancy is associated with significant alterations in complement component levels.
    • The complement system undergoes a gradual normalization process postpartum.
    • A notable proportion of women may experience functional C1 inhibitor inactivity at delivery, warranting further investigation.