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Changes in the growth of very preterm infants in England 2006-2018

Aneurin Young1,2, Tim J Cole3, Guo Cheng4

  • 1Department of Neonatal Medicine, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK a.young@soton.ac.uk.

Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition
|October 28, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Infant weight gain improved for very preterm babies born in England between 2014-2018 compared to 2006-2011. Faster growth was linked to specialized care and early nutrition support.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Pediatric Growth and Development
  • Perinatal Medicine

Background:

  • Very preterm infants face challenges in achieving optimal growth.
  • Weight gain patterns in extremely preterm infants have evolved over time.
  • Understanding factors influencing infant weight gain is crucial for developmental outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare infant weight gain from birth to term equivalent age in England between two distinct time periods (2006-2011 and 2014-2018).
  • To identify demographic and clinical care factors associated with variations in infant weight gain.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 29,687 infants born before 32 weeks gestation (2014-2018) and 3,288 infants (2006-2011) in England.
  • Employed SuperImposition by Translation And Rotation (SITAR) to model infant weight gain trajectories.
  • Applied multiple linear regression to analyze factors influencing weight standard deviation score changes.

Main Results:

  • Weight gain velocity was significantly greater in the more recent cohort (2014-2018) for infants born before 30 weeks gestation.
  • Delivery in a level 3 unit and initiation of parenteral nutrition within the first day were associated with faster weight gain.
  • Early ventilation and residing in less deprived neighborhoods were linked to slower infant weight gain.

Conclusions:

  • Infant weight gain for extremely preterm infants demonstrated improvement in the 2014-2018 period compared to 2006-2011.
  • Early parenteral nutrition and delivery at a level 3 unit may be key contributors to enhanced infant growth.
  • Further research into optimizing growth trajectories for preterm infants is warranted.
Abstract

Keywords:
growthneonatology

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