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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference01:30

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

249
In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...
249
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

567
The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
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Emission Spectra02:39

Emission Spectra

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When solids, liquids, or condensed gases are heated sufficiently, they radiate some of the excess energy as light. Photons produced in this manner have a range of energies, and thereby produce a continuous spectrum in which an unbroken series of wavelengths is present.
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

224
AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
224
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

2.4K
Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
2.4K
Cycloaddition Reactions: MO Requirements for Photochemical Activation01:12

Cycloaddition Reactions: MO Requirements for Photochemical Activation

2.2K
Some cycloaddition reactions are activated by heat, while others are initiated by light. For example, a [2 + 2] cycloaddition between two ethylene molecules occurs only in the presence of light. It is photochemically allowed but thermally forbidden.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 23, 2025

Utilizing the Ethylene-releasing Compound, 2-Chloroethylphosphonic Acid, as a Tool to Study Ethylene Response in Bacteria
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Utilizing the Ethylene-releasing Compound, 2-Chloroethylphosphonic Acid, as a Tool to Study Ethylene Response in Bacteria

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Ethylene industrial emitters seen from space.

Bruno Franco1, Lieven Clarisse2, Martin Van Damme2,3

  • 1Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Spectroscopy, Quantum Chemistry and Atmospheric Remote Sensing (SQUARES), Brussels, B-1050, Belgium. bruno.franco@ulb.be.

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|October 28, 2022
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Summary

Satellite data reveals over 300 global hotspots of ethylene emissions, a key volatile organic compound. This study identifies industrial sources and highlights underestimations in current air quality inventories.

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Area of Science:

  • Atmospheric Chemistry
  • Environmental Science
  • Remote Sensing

Background:

  • Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are emitted from numerous natural and industrial sources, significantly impacting air quality when present in excess.
  • Accurate quantification of VOC fluxes is crucial for air quality management but is often limited by a lack of global measurement constraints.
  • Ethylene, the most abundant industrially produced organic compound, plays a significant role in atmospheric chemistry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and quantify global emission hotspots of ethylene using satellite observations.
  • To pinpoint specific industrial and anthropogenic sources responsible for significant ethylene emissions.
  • To assess the accuracy of current emission inventories, such as the Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR), for ethylene.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized satellite remote sensing data to track over 300 worldwide hotspots of ethylene.
  • Correlated identified hotspots with known industrial activities, including petrochemical clusters, steel plants, coal-related industries, and megacities.
  • Calculated satellite-derived flux estimates for identified ethylene emission sources.

Main Results:

  • Successfully identified and mapped over 300 global ethylene emission hotspots.
  • Linked major ethylene emission sources to specific industrial facilities and urban areas.
  • Demonstrated that satellite-derived ethylene fluxes indicate significant underestimation or omission of industrial emissions in the EDGAR inventory.

Conclusions:

  • Satellite observations provide crucial data for identifying and quantifying previously underestimated or missing industrial ethylene emission sources.
  • This research enhances the understanding of short-lived carbonated gas emissions, complementing efforts to monitor inorganic air pollutants.
  • Improved emission inventories based on satellite constraints are essential for accurate air quality modeling and mitigation strategies.