From unipolar depression to bipolar illness: 29 who changed

We studied 29 patients who were admitted to a psychiatric hospital for depression, never had had a previous mania, and developed the mania in follow-up. When compared to patients who were stable unipolars, the potential bipolars had a history of more episodes prior to their onset of mania, more hospital admissions, more marked self-reproach and guilt; in follow-up, they had more hospitalizations.