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Updated: Aug 23, 2025

3D Modeling of the Lateral Ventricles and Histological Characterization of Periventricular Tissue in Humans and Mouse

3D Modeling of the Lateral Ventricles and Histological Characterization of Periventricular Tissue in Humans and Mouse

Published on: May 19, 2015

Impact of age on the cerebrospinal fluid spaces: high-convexity and medial subarachnoid spaces decrease with age.

Yosuke Hidaka¹, Mamoru Hashimoto², Takashi Suehiro³

¹Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.

Fluids and Barriers of the CNS

|October 29, 2022

Summary

Aging brains show a trend toward disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid-space hydrocephalus (DESH)-like morphology due to impaired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics. This aging process, linked to brain atrophy, is associated with cognitive decline in older adults.

Keywords:

Aging Brain morphology Cerebrospinal fluid dynamics Cognitive dysfunction Disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid-space hydrocephalus Idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus

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Published on: December 15, 2023

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Gerontology
Radiology

Background:

Impaired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics are implicated in neurodegenerative diseases and aging brain health.
Disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid-space hydrocephalus (DESH) is an imaging phenotype linked to aging and altered CSF dynamics.
Age-related changes in CSF dynamics remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the pathophysiology of DESH.
To determine age-related changes in CSF dynamics.
To explore the association between CSF spaces and cognitive function in older adults.

Main Methods:

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to assess CSF spaces and brain parenchyma in individuals aged 65 years and older.
Quantitative evaluation of ventricles (VS), Sylvian fissure (SF), and subarachnoid spaces at high convexity and midline (SHM) volumes.
Voxel-based morphometry and FreeSurfer software were employed for volume measurements.

Main Results:

Ventricle (VS) and Sylvian fissure (SF) volumes increased with age, while high-convexity and midline subarachnoid space (SHM) volume did not.
Increased VS and SF volumes correlated with decreased whole brain volume, but SHM did not expand with brain atrophy.
Lower Mini-Mental State Examination scores were associated with lower SHM and higher VS volumes, even excluding DESH cases.

Conclusions:

The aging brain exhibits a progressive shift towards a "DESH-like" morphology, suggesting DESH may represent an accelerated aging stage.
Brain atrophy is associated with the development of "DESH-like" morphology.
These age-related morphological changes and brain atrophy are linked to cognitive decline, underscoring the importance of studying CSF dynamics for brain health in aging individuals.