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Related Concept Videos

Chirality in Nature02:30

Chirality in Nature

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Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid.
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Drug Delivery: Overview01:16

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The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
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Chirality02:25

Chirality

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Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
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Prochirality02:05

Prochirality

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The concept of prochirality leads to the nomenclature of the individual faces of a molecule and plays a crucial role in the enantioselective reaction. It is a concept where two or more achiral molecules react to produce chiral products. A typical process is the reaction of an achiral ketone to generate a chiral alcohol. Here, the achiral reactant reacts with an achiral reducing agent, sodium borohydride, to generate an equimolar mixture of the chiral enantiomers of the product. For example, an...
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Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

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Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
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Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry01:20

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry

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Orally administered drugs primarily enter the systemic circulation via passive diffusion through the intestinal membranes. The drug's absorption is influenced by drug stability in the gastrointestinal GI tract, membrane permeability, the surface area available for absorption, luminal drug concentration, and residence time in the lumen. Drug permeability can be enhanced by adjusting the lipophilicity, polarity, or molecular size of the drug, promoting its passive transport across intestinal...
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Directed Assembly of Elastin-like Proteins into defined Supramolecular Structures and Cargo Encapsulation In Vitro
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Chiral-engineered supraparticles: Emerging tools for drug delivery.

Mahfoozur Rahman1, Waleed H Almalki2, Obaid Afzal3

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutical Science, SIHAS, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad, India.

Drug Discovery Today
|October 29, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Chiral-engineered supraparticles (CE-SPs) with d-chirality show enhanced cell penetration and stability. This chirality is key for improving biomaterials in drug delivery, biosensing, and diagnostics.

Keywords:
biomaterial-based devicesbiosensorscancer biomarker detectionchiralitysupraparticles

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Chirality in Medicine

Background:

  • Chirality, or handedness, of nanomaterials influences biological interactions.
  • Understanding chiral-specific interactions is crucial for developing advanced biomaterials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of chirality in chiral-engineered supraparticles (CE-SPs) on cellular and protein interactions.
  • To explore the potential of d-chirality-coordinated SPs for enhanced drug delivery and biosensing applications.

Main Methods:

  • Quartz crystal dissipation measurements to analyze chiral-specific interactions.
  • Isothermal titration calorimetry to assess thermodynamic stability and adhesion.
  • Cellular uptake and in vivo stability studies of CE-SPs.

Main Results:

  • d-chirality-coordinated SPs demonstrated increased penetration of breast, cervical, and myeloma cell membranes.
  • d-SPs exhibited greater thermodynamic stability and adhesion compared to l-SPs.
  • d-SPs provided shielding against proteases and endogenous proteins, leading to longer half-lives.
  • Incorporation of d-chirality in nanosystems enhanced cancer cell uptake and prolonged in vivo stability.

Conclusions:

  • Chirality is a critical factor in designing effective biomaterials for biomedical applications.
  • Chiral nanosystems, particularly those with d-chirality, offer significant potential for improving drug delivery, tumor markers, and biosensors.
  • Tailoring the chirality of nanosystems allows for better control over their features and performance in biological systems.